Rock breaker and pulverizer



(No. ModeL) vW S. SHARPNEGK.

ROCK BREAhEB AND PULVERIZER. No. 315,670.

- J; H" IWIIIIHI 5 0 59H V I Z, J J5 WITNESSES ll INVENTOR EF JWMA M ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 14, 1885.

NITED TAT'ES WILLIAM S. SHARPNEOK,

OF DENVER, COLORADO ROCK BREAKER AND P-ULIVERIZER.

EPECIIICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 315,670, dated April 14, 1885.

Application filed June 11, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. SHARP- NECK, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock Breakers and Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My invention has reference to machines for pulverizing or reducing rock, 81.0.; and it consists in the i m proved construction whereby the material to be treated is effectively and quickly reduced, and'the general construction of the machine improved and simplified, ashereinafter more particularly described and claimed.

The accompanying drawing, forming apart of this specification, shows a central vertical section of a machine in accordance with my invention.

A indicates a mortar provided at its upper edge with an outwardly-projecting flange, a, and tapering toward its lower end, where it is connected integrally to and supported by a base, B, having an opening, b, forming an exitpassage from the interior of the mortar A through the base B. The opening I) is arranged to form an annular seat, 0, at the bottom of the mortar A, upon which bears the lower edge of a tapering cylinder, 0, concentric with and resting snugly in the mortar A, as shown in the drawing, and it may be of chilled or ordinary cast iron, as preferred. The upper edge of the cylinder 0 is preferably flush with the top of the mortar. Above the mortar is a cap, D, cast with an outwardly projecting flange, d, at its bottom, which flange is perforated to receive bolts 6, which pass through the flange a of the mortar A, and are provided with nuts f, to secure said cap in position. The central portion of the cap is extended vertically to form athroat, E, and a band or ring, F, extends vertically and integrally from the cap, forming, in connection with the central portion or throat, E, an annular hopper, G, which communicates with the interior of the mortar A through an opening, g, formed in the central portion of the cap D.

I have shown but one opening; butit is evident that more may be used, if preferred, and an additional opening is shown in dotted lines on the opposite side of the cap. The

throat E is iuteriorly cut away, and may be threaded to receive the lower portion of the vertical cylinder H, which may be of Wrought or cast metal, as preferred, the lower edge 'of which bears upon a shoulder, h, formed by the cut-away portion of the throat. The upper end of the cylinder H has secured thereon and supports a head-casting, I, which is provided with embraces the outer side of the said cylinder, and may be screwed thereon or secured in any other manner: An interior annular rib or flange, j, in said head-casting I forms a bearing for the depending hub J of a drive-pulley, K, having a vertical recess formed eccentrically in said hub, wh ch is adapted to snugly receive a bearing-box composed of two sections, is l, which are secured together by bolts mand nuts n, and are recessed to conjointly receive and retain the ball L on the top of a yertical pestle-bar, M, suspended over the dis charge opening I), so that the lower extremity of said bar is located near the lower edgeof the tapering cylinder 0. The lower portion of the bar M is tapered, but more moderately than the mortar A and cylinder 0, and the said tapered portion of thebar M is incased by a removable sleeve, N, which is preferably of chilled metal to render it hard and durable, and contacts with the interior side of the cylinder (3.. This sleeve N is supported in position by means of ardisk, o, secured to the lower end face of the bar M by a screw, 1). The

web 0 of the drive-pulley K is perforated to permit the passage of a stud-bolt,P,the lower end of which is secured in the upper section, It, of'the-bearing-box. A nut andjam-nut,q, engaging the upper threaded end of the bolt,

'is adapted to move the bolt 1? to vertically adjust the bearing-box and the pestle-bar M. The lower section, Z,'of the bearing-box iscut away at r, to permit a limited play of the pestle-bar M therein, and the consequent movement of the spherical end L of said bar in its bearing box. The operation of the machine is as follows: The material to be treated having been fed into the mortar from the hopper G through the openingg of the same, it occupiesa posia depending flange, t, which tion between the interior face of the cylinder C and the exterior of the sleeve N. The pulley K, being driven from any suitable source by the ballL in said where it receives a grinding action that will .lated by elevating or lowering the pestle M in to the machine.

- into the bearings.

. vided with a conical grinding-surface susthe amount of material in the bottom of the of power, rotates the hub J, and, by reason I of the eccentric position of the bearing-box therein and of the ball-and-socket joint formed motion is imparted to the upper part of the pestle M, so that its extreme lower end will have but little motion, while at a point distant from the bottom its motion will be increased, so as to havea kind of wabbling motion in the cylinder 0, thereby crushing the material first against the upper part of the said cylinder, and then as the material becomes finer it falls down, and is then acted on again and again until it becomes fine enough to pass between the small annular space between the lower end of the pestle and mortar,

reduce the materialto an impalpable powder, if desired, as the degree of fineness to which the material is reduced can be perfectly reguthe mortar by adjusting the nuts on the bolt,]?. It will be seen thatthe lower end of the pestle, is freely and loosely suspended in the mortar, so that it will easily adapt itself to mortar, as the bolt P will allow it to rise, as indicated in dotted lines. Furthermore, should any small object harder than the machine is intended-to crush get between the mortar and pestle, the latter will yield sufficiently to allow the object to pass through without detriment This loose suspension has the further advantage that as there are no bearings below the mortar orpestle there is no probability of any of the material getting It will also be seenthat the extreme lower end of the pestle is semiglobular, which gives a better grindingfsurface when the material has reached almost its finest state. 1

- It will be obvious that the structure as illustrated and described is of comparatively inexpensive construction, inasmuch as all the sub-parts thereof may be readily produced by casting. Furthermore, such a machine will prove most effective in operation, as the parts do not involve delicate adjustment, and hence are not liable to become easily deranged or' broken.

In some cases I place rollers between the hub J and the casting I to relieve the friction, and for the same purpose I may place rollers or .balls between the web of the pulley and the top of said casting I, as shown in dotted lines. i

I do not wish to limit myself to the exact construction here shown, as it is evident that it may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I am aware that a paint-mill has been propended in fixed bearings so as to have a steady concentric rotary motion; but such conical grinding-surface was not loosely suspended, as it was guided by a double bearing above.

I am also aware that ball-and-socket joints bearing-box, a revolving have been used to suspend eccentric-moving grinding-surfaces, and hence do not claim either of these constructions, broadly.

What I claim as new is- 1. The combination. in a breaking and pulverizing machine, of a mortar, a pestle having its lower end loosely suspended therein, means, substantially as described, forgiving motion to the pestle, and a ball-and-socket joint constructed to. perform the double function of suspending the pestle and communicating motion to the same, substantially as dc scribed.

2. The combination, in a breaking and pulverizing machinefof a mortar, a pestle having its. lowerendloosely suspended therein, a driving-wheel, an eccentric connected with said driving -wheel, and a ball -and-socket joint carried by said eccentric and constructed to perform the double function of supporting the pestle and communicating motion to the same, substantially as described. 7

I 3. The combination, in abreaking and pulverizing machine, of a mortar, a pestle having its lower endloosely suspended therein,

a driving-wheel', an eccentric connected with said driving-wheel, a ball-and-socket joint located in said eccentric, and means for raising and lowering said ball and socket in said eccentric, substantiallyas described.

' 4. The combination, in a machine for breaking or pulverizing rock or similar material, of a mortar contracted toward its lower end,

forming a hopper, and a supply-opening, g,"

a pestle extending through said throat into said mortar, and devices above the cap for operating said pestle, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, in a machine for breaking or pulverizingrock or similar material, of a mortar having asuitable discharge, a cap bolted to said mortar and forming a supplyhopper therefor, a cylinder, H, a head-cast ing secured to said cylinder H, the driving devices, a pestle extending through the cy1 ,inder and cap into the mortar, the upper end of said; pestle being spherically enlarged to bear finiversally, and a bearing-box eccentrically located in the drivingdevices, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, in a machine for breaking or pulverizing rock or similar material, arranged and constructed substantially as described, of a head-casting-supported as set forth, and provided with an interior rib, j, a

I00 U provided interiorly with a cylinder, 0, and

drive-pulley, K, having a hub extending into presence of two witnesses, th is 3d day of J une, the head-casting and bearing on the rib of 1884. 1

the same, a'box located eccentrieally in the hub, and a pestle bearing in said box,,and a mortar forming a support for the whole, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof Iaflix my sigmiturefln ILLIAM 's. SHARPNEOK. Witnesses: v Q

ALFREDO. PHELPS,

O. G. OTIs. 

